8/5/2023 0 Comments Name of element h2so4![]() ![]() The equilibrium constant for autoprotolysis is K ap ( + − ) ( 25 ∘ C ) = 2.7 × 10 − 4 Acid-base properties Īs an acid, sulfuric acid reacts with most bases to give the corresponding sulfate. Some common concentrations are: Mass fraction Other concentrations are used for different purposes. The 98.3% grade is more stable in storage, and is the usual form of what is described as "concentrated sulfuric acid". Physical properties Grades of sulfuric acid Īlthough nearly 100% sulfuric acid solutions can be made, the subsequent loss of SO 3 at the boiling point brings the concentration to 98.3% acid. Sulfuric acid can be obtained by dissolving sulfur trioxide in water. It has a wide range of end applications, including in domestic acidic drain cleaners, as an electrolyte in lead-acid batteries, in dehydrating a compound, and in various cleaning agents. It is most commonly used in fertilizer manufacture but is also important in mineral processing, oil refining, wastewater processing, and chemical synthesis. Sulfuric acid is also a key substance in the chemical industry. It is widely produced with different methods, such as contact process, wet sulfuric acid process, lead chamber process, and some other methods. Sulfuric acid is a very important commodity chemical a country's sulfuric acid production is a good indicator of its industrial strength. Dilute sulfuric acid is substantially less hazardous without the oxidative and dehydrating properties however, it should still be handled with care for its acidity. Upon contact with body tissue, sulfuric acid can cause severe acidic chemical burns and even secondary thermal burns due to dehydration. Upon addition of sulfuric acid to water, a considerable amount of heat is released thus, the reverse procedure of adding water to the acid should not be performed since the heat released may boil the solution, spraying droplets of hot acid during the process. Phosphorus pentoxide is a notable exception in that it is not dehydrated by sulfuric acid but, to the contrary, dehydrates sulfuric acid to sulfur trioxide. Concentrated sulfuric acid is highly corrosive towards other materials, from rocks to metals, since it is an oxidant with powerful dehydrating properties. Pure sulfuric acid does not occur naturally due to its strong affinity to water vapor it is hygroscopic and readily absorbs water vapor from the air. It is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is miscible with water. Sulfuric acid ( American spelling and the preferred IUPAC name) or sulphuric acid ( Commonwealth spelling), known in antiquity as oil of vitriol, is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen, with the molecular formula H 2SO 4. ![]()
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